Bernoulli

Family of Swiss mathematicians and scientists, including Jakob or Jacques (1654-1705), an important developer of ordinary calculus and the calculus of variations. His brother Johann or Jean (1667-1748) developed the calculus of variations. Johann's son Daniel (1700-1782) anticipated the law of conservation of energy, did pioneering work in the molecular theory of gases, and contributed to probability theory and the theory of differential equations.